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第48章 申辩 1（第1页）

Aology

苏格拉底

Socrates

苏格拉底（公元前470—公元前399），古希腊的哲学家和演说家，雅典人。其父是雕刻匠，早年随父学艺，后从事哲学研究和教学。他认为哲学的目的是认识自己、研究自己、教导人们的生活。他无著作传世，其言行均辑于弟子柏拉图的《苏格拉底言行回忆录》。公元前399年以“渎神违教”之罪被控入狱，不久被判死刑，服毒而死。

AceintheHole

Understandthesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle。

1。migrationn。移动；迁移；移民

2。immortaladj。不朽的；流芳百世的

3。ilgrimn。香客，朝圣者

4。unseakableadj。恶劣得难以形容的；说不出口的，不可言状的；令人讨厌的；极坏的

Letusreflectinanotherway，andweshallseethatthereisgreatreasontohoethatdeathisagoodforoneoftwothings—eitherdeathisastateofnothingnessandutterunconsciousness，or，asmensay，thereisachangeandmigrationofthesoulfromthisworldtoanother。Nowifyousuosethatthereisnoconsciousness，butasleelikethesleeofhimwhoisundisturbedevenbydreams，deathwillbeanunseakablegain。Forifaersonweretoselectthenightinwhichhissleewasundisturbedevenbydreams，andweretocomarewiththistheotherdaysandnightsofhislife，andthenweretotellushowmanydaysandnightshehadassedinthecourseofhislifebetterandmoreleasantlythanthisone，Ithinkthatanyman，Iwillnotsayarivateman，buteventhegreatkingwillnotfindmanysuchdaysornights，whencomaredwiththeothers。Nowifdeathbeofsuchanature，Isaythattodieisagainforeternityisthenonlyasinglenight。Butifdeathisthejourneytoanotherlace，andthere，asmensay，allthedeadabide，whatgood，OmyfriendsandjudgescanbegreaterthanthisIfindeedwhentheilgrimarrivesintheworldbelow，heisdeliveredfromtherofessorsofjusticeinthisworld，andfindsthetruejudgeswhoaresaidtogivejudgmentthere，MinoandRhadamanthusandAeacusandTritolemus，andothersonsofGodwhowererighteousintheirownlife，thatilgrimagewillbeworthmaking。WhatwouldnotamangiveifhemightconversewithOrheusandMusaeusandHesiodandHomerNay，ifthisbetrue，letmedieagainandagain。Imyself，too，shallhaveawonderfulinterestintheremeeting，andconversingwithPalamedes，andAjaxthesonTelamon，andanyotherancientherowhohassuffereddeaththroughanunjustjudgmentandtherewillbenosmallleasure，asIthink，incomaringmyownsufferingwiththeirs。Aboveall，Ishallthenbeabletocontinuemysearchintothetrueandfalseknowledgeasinthisworld，soalsointhenextandIshallfindoutwhoiswise，andwhoretendstobewise，andisnot。Whatwouldnotamangive，Ojudges，tobeabletoexaminetheleaderofthegreatTrojanexeditionorOdysseusorSisyhus，ornumberlessothers，menandwomentoo？Whatinfinitedelightwouldtherebeinconversingwiththemandaskingthemquestions？Inanotherworldtheydonotutamantodeathforaskingquestions：assuredlynot。Forbesidesbeinghaierthanweare，theywillbeimmortal，ifwhatissaidistrue。

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