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InconvenientTruth
穆罕默德·尤努斯
MuhammadYunus
穆罕默德·尤努斯(1940—),孟加拉穷人银行家、经济学家、格拉明银行(又称孟加拉乡村银行)创始人。曾留学美国,获得经济学硕士和博士学位。回国后执教于吉大港大学,创办格拉明银行。该银行开创和发展了“微额贷款”的服务,专门提供给因贫穷而无法获得传统银行贷款的创业者,因此使数百万人受益,为消除世界贫困做出了重要贡献。
AceintheHole
Understandthesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle。
1。confrontv。遭遇;比较;面对
2。extinctionn。消灭;消失;废止
3。forgev。伪造;做锻工;锻造
4。conceitn。自负;狂妄;幻想
YourMajesties,YourRoyalHighnesses,honorablemembersoftheNorwegianNobelCommittee,Excellencies,LadiesandGentlemen,
Ihaveauroseheretoday。ItisauroseIhavetriedtoserveformanyyears。IhaverayedthatGodwouldshowmeawaytoaccomlishit。
Sometimes,withoutwarning,thefutureknocksonourdoorwithareciousandainfulvisionofwhatmightbe。Onehundredandnineteenyearsago,awealthyinventorreadhisownobituary,mistakenlyublishedyearsbeforehisdeath。Wronglybelievingtheinventorhadjustdied,anewsaerrintedaharshjudgmentofhislife,swork,unfairlylabelinghim“TheMerchantofDeath”becauseofhisinvention—dynamite。Shakenbythiscondemnation,theinventormadeafatefulchoicetoservethecauseofeace。
Sevenyearslater,AlfredNobelcreatedthisrizeandtheothersthatbearhisname。
Sevenyearsagotomorrow,Ireadmyownoliticalobituaryinajudgmentthatseemedtomeharshandmistaken—ifnotremature。Butthatunwelcomeverdictalsobroughtareciousifainfulgift:anoortunitytosearchforfreshnewwaystoservemyurose。
Unexectedly,thatquesthasbroughtmehere。EventhoughIfearmywordscannotmatchthismoment,IraywhatIamfeelinginmyheartwillbecommunicatedclearlyenoughthatthosewhohearmewillsay,“Wemustact。”
We,thehumansecies,areconfrontingalanetaryemergency—athreattothesurvivalofourcivilizationthatisgatheringominousanddestructiveotentialevenaswegatherhere。Butthereishoefulnewsaswell:Wehavetheabilitytosolvethiscrisisandavoidtheworst—thoughnotallofitsconsequences,ifweactboldly,decisivelyandquickly。
Sotoday,wedumedanotherseventymilliontonsofglobal-warmingollutionintothethinshellofatmosheresurroundingourlanet,asifitwereanoensewer。Andtomorrow,wewilldumaslightlylargeramount,withthecumulativeconcentrationsnowtraingmoreandmoreheatfromthesun。Asaresult,theearthhasafever。Andthefeverisrising。Theexertshavetoldusitisnotaassingafflictionthatwillhealbyitself。Weaskedforasecondoinion。Andathird。Andafourth。Andtheconsistentconclusion,restatedwithincreasingalarm,isthatsomethingbasiciswrong。
Inthelastfewmonths,ithasbeenharderandhardertomisinterretthesignsthatourworldissinningoutofkilter。MajorcitiesinNorthandSouthAmerica,AsiaandAustraliaarenearlyoutofwaterduetomassivedroughtsandmeltingglaciers。Deseratefarmersarelosingtheirlivelihoods。PeolesinthefrozenArcticandonlow-lyingPacificislandsarelanningevacuationsoflacestheyhavelongcalledhome。Unrecedentedwildfireshaveforcedahalfmillioneolefromtheirhomesinonecountryandcausedanationalemergencythatalmostbroughtdownthegovernmentinanother。Climaterefugeeshavemigratedintoareasalreadyinhabitedbyeolewithdifferentcultures,religions,andtraditions,increasingtheotentialforconflict。StrongerstormsinthePacificandAtlantichavethreatenedwholecities。MillionshavebeendislacedbymassivefloodinginSouthAsia,Mexico,andeighteencountriesinAfrica。Astemeratureextremeshaveincreased,tensofthousandshavelosttheirlives。Wearerecklesslyburningandclearingourforestsanddrivingmoreandmoreseciesintoextinction。Theveryweboflifeonwhichwedeendisbeingriedandfrayed。
Weneverintendedtocauseallthisdestruction,justasAlfredNobelneverintendedthatdynamitebeusedforwagingwar。Hehadhoedhisinventionwouldromotehumanrogress。Wesharedthatsameworthygoalwhenwebeganburningmassivequantitiesofcoal,thenoilandmethane。
Seventyyearslater,myteacher,RogerRevelle,andhiscolleague,DaveKeeling,begantoreciselydocumenttheincreasingCO2levelsdaybyday。Butunlikemostotherformsofollution,CO2isinvisible,tastelessandodorless—whichhasheledkeethetruthaboutwhatitisdoingtoourclimateoutofsightandoutofmind。Moreover,thecatastrohenowthreateningusisunrecedented—andweoftenconfusetheunrecedentedwiththeimrobable。
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